Pro forma financial statements definition

what is pro forma statement

This pro forma statement can be part of a larger cash flow forecast used for decision making. They can help you make a business plan, create a financial forecast, and even get funding from potential investors or lenders. To create pro forma financial statements, https://www.bookkeeping-reviews.com/what-services-will-you-offer/ you can enlist the help of a certified public accountant (CPA) or use a template. Be advised that issuing pro forma financial statements to the public can be problematic, especially since the pro forma statements and the GAAP statements can vary so widely.

what is pro forma statement

Arguably, the statement of cash flow is the most important of the pro forma documents. If the pro forma balance sheet and income statements lead to a statement of cash flow that shows inadequate funds for what management has planned, the other documents will be invalid and may need to be reworked. For this reason, professionals typically turn to forecasts and financial projections to guide their plans and answer critical “what if” questions. Pro forma financial statements are a common type of forecast that can be useful in these situations. According to the SEC, this does not take the place of the pro forma balance sheet, but the pro forma income statement may be withheld. The difference is that the financial forecast details the company’s expected results of operations as a single-point estimate or a range.

Example pro forma balance sheet

On the other hand, if net cash flow is positive, you can plan on having enough extra cash on hand to pay off loans, or save for a big investment. She’s written several business what is an ordinary annuity books and has been published on sites including Forbes, AllBusiness, and SoFi. She writes about business and personal credit, financial strategies, loans, and credit cards.

Use this Excel pro forma invoice template to create your own pro forma invoices. For this reason, investors must examine not only the pro forma earnings, but also GAAP earnings, and never mistake one for the other. In this case, the company is projecting the future, based on its knowledge of past sales and expenses and factoring in expected changes.

The legal liability of the company may increase upon submitting forecasts instead of pro forma income statements, but the practice may be more relevant for certain businesses. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the United States’ regulator of its stock market, requires pro forma statements with any filing, registration, or proxy statement. They have articles governing the preparation of pro forma financial statements for public companies. These are Regulation S-X Article 11, and Regulation S-X 8-05 for smaller companies from 17 CFR 210. Additionally, the SEC may require that pro forma financial statements be submitted when a company is filing for an initial public offering (IPO).

If your company has a high debt-to-equity ratio, it will show on the balance sheet. This pro forma balance sheet can also be used for corporate retail or wholesale businesses. Compiled pro forma financial statements can form the basis for calculating financial ratios and financial models, which test assumptions and relationships of your company’s plan. You can use them to study how changes in the price of labor, materials, overhead, and the cost of goods affect the bottom line.

Pro forma results may contain adjustments to GAAP numbers in order to highlight important aspects of the company’s operating performance. Cash flow from operations includes cash inflows from customer payments, and cash outflow for material purchases and payroll costs. Sally uses her sales estimate to estimate the dollar amount of inventory at the end of 2021. The sales total and customer payment history help the firm determine the accounts receivable balance. There are both benefits and downsides to the assumption structure that pro forma is built upon. As an example, he explained that if the base case is that revenue grows by 20% over the next few years, one may want to lower that projected growth rate to, say, 10%, to see how the firm’s financials look.

Pro forma financial statements are a great way to assess the financial impact of those assumptions. Your business might benefit by following the SEC guidelines for public companies outlining how to use pro forma statements, even if you’re not a publicly traded business. Another important thing to remember when preparing pro forma statements is to use credible data and not over-rely on hypothetical information, so your estimates are as close to accurate as possible.

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An investment projection would showcase what an influx of cash could potentially do to your business. For example, if you were contemplating taking on an investor, it would give you a risk vs. reward scenario. Over 1.8 million professionals use CFI to learn accounting, financial analysis, modeling and more. Start with a free account to explore 20+ always-free courses and hundreds of finance templates and cheat sheets.

  1. A pro forma invoice is a preliminary bill of sale sent to a buyer in advance of a shipment or delivery of goods.
  2. They differ from pro forma statements in that they are not projections, but rather historical reports — therefore, they do not consider things like litigation costs, restructuring charges, and other one-time items.
  3. Every small business should create a budget, and the budgeted financial results are pro forma statements.
  4. Arguably, the statement of cash flow is the most important of the pro forma documents.

The company’s management is responsible for the documents’ overall validity. However, the information is affected by outstanding estimated days of sales, or the average number of days that payment has not been made by the customers. The closer the projection is to the actual numbers reported, the more accurate it is. Further, if a company has a stable order backlog, the pro forma statement of cash flow is more accurate.

Pro forma templates

The difference lies in the assumptions and adjustments made about various inputs, while the format and calculations remain the same. With Bench, you get a crystal clear image of your financial history so you can focus on planning your future. We’re America’s largest bookkeeping service helping thousands of business owners better understand the financial health of their operations so they can keep focused on growth and planning. When it comes time to create a pro forma statement, you have reliable numbers and reports to get started. For these purposes, pro forma statements are typically created as a part of a financial forecast in financial accounting. Big corporations who have in-house accountants use pro forma statements for financial modeling and forecasting different scenarios.

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